What Causes Low Water Pressure in a House?

Next steps (at a glance)

If you only do 3 things:

  1. Check whether low pressure affects one fixture or the whole house.

  2. Look for obvious leaks or recently changed valves.

  3. Monitor whether pressure changes at different times of day.

Urgency level: Low → Medium
(Becomes High if pressure drops suddenly across the entire home or leaks are visible.)

Short answer

Low water pressure is usually caused by buildup, leaks, partially closed valves, aging pipes, or supply issues. The cause depends on whether the problem affects one fixture or many.

Low pressure is often a symptom, not the root problem.

Why water pressure matters

Water pressure affects how well fixtures work and can signal hidden plumbing issues. Gradual pressure loss often points to buildup or aging pipes, while sudden loss can indicate a leak or supply change.

Ignoring pressure changes can allow small problems to quietly become bigger ones.

Common causes of low water pressure

If only one fixture is affected

  • Mineral buildup in the faucet aerator

  • Partially closed shutoff valve

  • Clogged supply line

These are usually localized and easier to address.

If multiple fixtures are affected

  • Mineral scale inside pipes

  • Aging or corroded plumbing

  • Pressure-reducing valve issues

  • Municipal supply fluctuations

  • Hidden leaks

House-wide issues deserve closer attention.

What low pressure usually looks like over time

Early signs

  • Slightly weaker flow

  • Showers take longer

  • Inconsistent pressure

Progressing

  • Noticeably reduced flow

  • Pressure varies by time of day

  • Multiple fixtures affected

Advanced

  • Very weak flow

  • Sudden drops

  • Visible leaks or water damage

Changes over time matter more than one bad day.

Typical plumbing lifespan context

  • Supply pipes (copper or PEX): often 40–70 years
    Early failure clues: reduced pressure, discoloration, pinhole leaks

  • Galvanized pipes (older homes): often 30–50 years
    Early failure clues: rust, scaling, chronic pressure loss

  • Valves and regulators: often 20–30 years
    Early failure clues: pressure swings, noise, inconsistent flow

Low pressure can be an early sign of aging plumbing.

Warning signs to take seriously

  • Sudden pressure drop throughout the house

  • Pressure loss combined with higher water bills

  • Damp spots, staining, or unexplained moisture

  • Banging or whistling noises in pipes

  • Pressure that continues to worsen

These signs suggest more than a simple clog.

DIY-safe checks you can do

These checks are generally safe for homeowners:

  • Remove and rinse faucet aerators

  • Confirm fixture shutoff valves are fully open

  • Compare pressure at different fixtures

  • Note whether pressure changes at peak hours

Do not attempt to open walls or adjust main regulators without guidance.

Maintenance that actually helps

  • Clean aerators periodically to remove mineral buildup

  • Pay attention to pressure trends, not single moments

  • Address small leaks early

  • Know where main shutoffs are located

Early awareness prevents escalation.

If you don’t want to call a professional yet but want to stay safe

Prioritize these:

  • Confirm whether the issue is localized or whole-house

  • Stop ignoring gradual pressure loss

  • Watch for moisture or unexplained water usage

If pressure continues to decline or multiple fixtures are affected, professional evaluation is the safest next step.

Common mistakes

  • Assuming low pressure is “just normal”

  • Ignoring gradual changes

  • Treating symptoms instead of causes

  • Over-tightening valves or fittings

Low pressure often points to something worth addressing.

When to call a professional

Contact a licensed plumber if:

  • Pressure drops suddenly across the home

  • Multiple fixtures are affected

  • Leaks are suspected or visible

  • Pressure keeps declining over time

What to ask:

  • Likely cause of pressure loss

  • Whether pipes, valves, or regulators are involved

  • Repair versus monitoring options

What to expect:
Costs vary depending on cause and access. Early diagnosis is usually less disruptive than waiting.

Related guides

Disclaimer:
This is general information only. When in doubt, hire a licensed professional.